Key takeaways
- uPVC is the cheapest and lowest-maintenance choice, and insulates well, but the look is plainer and it cannot be repainted easily.
- Aluminium gives slim frames and a modern, strong, long-lasting finish, at a higher price.
- Timber suits period and listed homes and lasts a long time if maintained, but needs regular repainting.
- Pick by budget, the style of the house, and how much upkeep you are willing to do.
Frame material affects the price, the look, the upkeep and how long the windows last. All three modern options can be energy-efficient, so the choice is really about fit and maintenance. Here is how they compare.
uPVC
uPVC is the most popular choice for good reason: it is the cheapest, insulates well, and asks almost nothing of you beyond an occasional wipe. For most homes on a sensible budget, it is the default.
The catch: the look is more functional than refined, the colour choice is more limited and not easily changed later, and frames tend to last a few decades rather than a lifetime. On a period property it can look out of place.
Aluminium
Aluminium frames are strong and slim, so you get more glass and a clean, modern look. They are durable, hold their finish well, and suit contemporary homes and large openings.
The catch: they cost more than uPVC. Older aluminium was poor at insulation, though modern frames with a thermal break have largely solved that, so check the rating rather than assume.
Timber
Timber is the traditional choice and looks right on period and listed homes, sometimes being required in conservation areas. It insulates naturally and can last a very long time, and damaged sections can be repaired rather than replaced.
The catch: it needs ongoing maintenance, mainly repainting or resealing every few years, and it costs more up front. Skip the upkeep and the lifespan drops quickly.
Which should you choose?
Choose uPVC for the best value and least maintenance, aluminium for a modern look with slim frames and long life, and timber for heritage character where you accept the upkeep. For prices, see our double glazing cost guide, and for efficiency our A-rated glazing guide.
FAQ
Which window frame is cheapest?
uPVC is the cheapest to buy and fit, and needs the least maintenance. Aluminium and timber both cost more, for different reasons: aluminium for the material and finish, timber for the craftsmanship and upkeep.
Is aluminium bad at insulation?
Older aluminium was, but modern frames use a thermal break to cut heat loss, so today’s aluminium windows can be efficient. Check the window energy rating rather than assuming.
Do timber windows need a lot of upkeep?
They need repainting or resealing every few years to stay weatherproof. Maintained well they last a long time; neglected, they deteriorate faster than the alternatives.